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The martial art of Muay Thai is the national sport of Thailand and is being religiously practiced in Thailand ever since it was formulated. The origin of this style is accredited to the Ayuddhaya period of 1584, when Thailand was ruled by King Naresuan. This ground-breaking form was a result of the various invasions that the country was subject to at that period of time. This was when the citizens felt the need for a method of self defense. This form of hand to hand combating comprises of changing movements which makes use of the sturdy body parts such as elbows, legs, head and fists. These are some of the eight weapons that hold prime importance in this style of fighting. The system also has provision for the efficient use of basic weapons. Though Muay Thai was invented in order to serve as a self defense mechanism, it is also very competent when it comes to combating. Punches are an indispensable part of this form. There are various forms of twisting and flexing the wrists that like the straight punch, jab, uppercut, swing and hook which are very helpful in winning the fight or defending oneself successfully. There are also eight elbow techniques like the Sok Ti (Striking Elbow), Sok Hud (Levering Elbow), Sok Tad (Perpendicular Elbow), Sok Klab (Reverse Elbow), Sok Tong (Smash Downward Elbow), Sok Ku (Double Elbows), Sok Sab (Chopping Elbow) and Sok Chieng (Diagonal Elbow). The knee techniques are also classified as Kao Tone (Straight knee), Kao Nui (Small knee), Kao Dode (Jumping knee), Kao Loi (Flying knee), Kao La (Farewell knee), Kao Lod (Lower knee), and Kao Kratai (Rabbit knee). Kicks in the form of Tae Tad (Side Kick or Round Kick) Tae Kod (Hook kick or Down round kick), Tae Chiang (Diagonal Kick), Tae Pub Nai (Kick to the inside of the knee joint) and Tae Pub Nok (Kick to the outside of the knee joint) are also an important constituent of Muay Thai. The two important techniques that are followed by Muay Thai practitioners are Mae Mai Muay Thai which is the master technique that is used in order to defeat the opponent as well as Look Mai Muay Thai which are tricks that complement the master techniques.
There are 15 techniques each that belong to both these groups which are used very extensively in the practice of this martial art form. Salab Fan Pla (Cross-switch), Ta Then Kham Fak (Old man holding the melon), Hak Kor Erawan (Break the elephant's neck) and Khuanyak Jab Ling (The giant catches the monkey) are some of the master techniques in this art. On the other hand, Kwang Liew Lang (Deer looks back), Hong Peek Hak (Swan with broken wings) and Graisorn Kham Huai (Tiger descends into the stream) are a few of the complementing techniques. The art of Muay Thai is considered to be very aggressive and even fatal. It aims at causing the maximum amount of damage with the use of minimum effort. A correct body posture while practicing this form helps in saving a lot of energy while attacking and defending. A perfect timing and targeting the soft spots of the opponents body with hard blows is the basis of this style.
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History of Muay Thai
Before anyone learns Muay Thai it might be good to have a general understanding of this fighting art and of the Thai culture. The Fighting Kingdom of Siam: Wherever one may wander in the Orient among the many schools of fighting arts one will not find a deadlier group of combatants than the Kick boxers of Thailand. Many great master's in the martial arts accept that the Thai Boxer is lethal, because he is a professional and lives just to fight. Many people look upon Muay Thai (correct term for Thai boxing) as a sport. This may be partly true, but the legacy of this 2000 year old art lives on today in the hearts of the Thai people. One visit to Thailand will confirm this. Down any street one cane see young children going through the rudiments of this ancient Siamese fighting art. Muay Thai's Early Rise The old Kingdom of Siam, as Thailand was once known, has from ancient times always seen trouble from its neighbors. Occupying the Southeast Asia peninsula, it has Burma on the west, Laos on the north and east, Cambodia to the southeast, and the Gulf of Siam and Malaysia on the south. Yet amazingly this "Land of the Free" has resisted all attempts to conquer it. One can only put this down to the fierce fighting spirit of the people. Muay Thai techniques were part of the military training system, which was greatly influenced by Chinese fighting methods in the beginning. It later underwent a marked change and developed independently,
losing many of the Chinese boxing methods along the way. It is somewhat of a mystery how and why this happened, and for that matter why many of Muay Thai's special fighting techniques are not seen anywhere else outside of Thailand.
The Tiger King Because the Siamese people were combative by nature, the common folk picked up the military unarmed fighting methods and developed them into a sport, But they still retained all the lethal blows. Further skills were developed during the reign of king Pra Chao Sua, who was known as the Tiger King. Every village staged its prize fights, with young and old, rich and poor all taking part. The King himself was a high skilled boxer and was reputed to have trained with his soldiers six hours a day. He would often leave his palace disguised as a wandering peasant and enter boxing events, Always defeating the local champions. The King would spend hours alone in his palace perfecting certain techniques, and then try them out in local contests. So skilled were some of his boxing strategies that even today they are still used and known as the Tiger King Style. The Greatest Fighter of Them All Over the centuries the greatest of the Muay Thai fighters have become legendary. Stories are told of their battles and adventures to eager listening children by the village story tellers. Perhaps the most famous of all the Siamese fighters was Nai Khanom Tom. He was a brilliant athlete and a strong courageous man, holding the title of the best fighter in all Siam. During the many wars that Siam had with her neighbor Burma, Nai Khanom Tom was captured by Burmese soldiers. They had heard of his great fighting ability so they decided to pit him against 12 of Burma's top bando fighters (Bando is a martial art of Burma and similar to Thai Boxing), and if he could defeat all 12, Nai Khanom Tom would be allowed to go free. So the next day in a stadium packed with thousands of people, Nai Khanom Tom prepared to fight bare handed against the cream of Burma's top fighters. One by one they came at him, all out to hurt him and become heroes themselves for defeating the greatest martial artist in Siam. As each fighter pitted his skills against the great Nai Khanom Tom, he was instantly injured and unable to continue, being dispatched with lighting elbow strikes and murderous knee blows. As the day word on, the great Siamese champion had defeated all of his opponents. The spectators, who had been cheering fort their own men, suddenly began to cheer for this magnificent fighter from Siam. They were full of admiration for the prisoner who had fought and defeated several men without rest or being wounded himself. The King of Burma had no alternative but to let him go free. Modern Rules and regulations of Muay Thai With No Rules or Regulations In 1930, Muay Thai underwent a transformation. A number of rules and regulations were introduced including the wearing of boxing gloves and groin guards. Certain weight divisions were stipulated. Until that time, virtually anything was allowed in the ring. One favorite Device used by the boxers was hemp rope bound around the fist to act as a form of glove. Then it in glue and rolled in finely ground glass. The Growth of the Art Today With the spread of contact sports among martial Artists throughout the world, Muay Thai has burgeoned all over the world. In Japan, Europe, and North America, Muay Thai has reached epic proportions in recent years. Followers of many other martial art disciplines will on most occasions refuse to fight a Thai Boxer because they regard him or her as a complete fighting machine.
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